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1 Technical Symbols ↑
1.1 Operadores Lógicos ↑
| ≠
|
≠
|
≠
|
no igual
|
| &
|
&
|
&
|
ampersand
|
| ∧
|
∧
|
∧
|
operador "y"
|
| ¬
|
¬
|
¬
|
operador "no"
|
| ∼
|
∼
|
∼
|
tilde operador = varies with = similar to
|
| ∨
|
∨
|
∨
|
logical ‘or’ sign
|
| →
|
→
|
→
|
rightwards arrow
|
| ←
|
←
|
←
|
leftwards arrow
|
| ↔
|
↔
|
↔
|
left right arrow
|
| ⇕
|
|
⇕
|
up down double arrow
|
| ≡
|
≡
|
≡
|
identical to
|
| ∀
|
∀
|
∀
|
for all
|
| ∃
|
∃
|
∃
|
there exists
|
| ℩
|
|
℩
|
symbol for definite description operator "the"
|
| □
|
|
□
|
box = necessarily
|
| ◊
|
◊
|
◊
|
lozenge = possibly
|
| ⇒
|
⇒
|
⇒
|
rightwards double arrow
|
| ⇐
|
⇐
|
⇐
|
leftwards double arrow
|
| ⇔
|
⇔
|
⇔
|
left right double arrow
|
| ∴
|
∴
|
∴
|
therefore
|
| ⊥
|
⊥
|
⊥
|
up tack = orthogonal to = perpendicular
|
| ⊤
|
|
⊤
|
down tack = top
|
| ⊣
|
|
⊣
|
left turnstile = adjoint
|
| ⊢
|
|
⊢
|
turnstile, proves
|
| ⊨
|
|
⊨
|
models, makes true
|
| ⊬
|
|
⊬
|
doesn't prove
|
| ⊭
|
|
⊭
|
doesn't model, doesn't make true
|
1.2 Set Theory Symbols ↑
| ∈
|
∈
|
∈
|
element of
|
| ∉
|
∉
|
∉
|
not an element of
|
| ∋
|
∋
|
∋
|
contains as member
|
| ∅
|
∅
|
∅
|
empty set
|
| ∩
|
∩
|
∩
|
intersection = cap
|
| ∪
|
∪
|
∪
|
union = cup
|
| ⊂
|
⊂
|
⊂
|
subset of
|
| ⊃
|
⊃
|
⊃
|
superset of
|
| ⊄
|
⊄
|
⊄
|
not a subset of
|
| ⊆
|
⊆
|
⊆
|
subset of or equal to
|
| ⊇
|
⊇
|
⊇
|
superset of or equal to
|
| ○
|
|
○
|
function composition
|
| ⨡
|
|
⨡
|
domain restrictor
|
1.3 Mathematical Symbols ↑
| −
|
−
|
−
|
minus sign
|
| ±
|
±
|
±
|
plus-or-minus sign
|
| ×
|
×
|
×
|
multiply sign
|
| ÷
|
÷
|
÷
|
divide sign
|
| <
|
<
|
<
|
less-than sign
|
| >
|
>
|
>
|
greater-than sign
|
| ≤
|
≤
|
≤
|
less-than or equal to
|
| ≥
|
≥
|
≥
|
greater-than or equal to
|
| ≰
|
|
≰
|
not less-than or equal to
|
| ¼
|
¼
|
¼
|
fraction one-quarter
|
| ½
|
½
|
½
|
fraction one-half
|
| ¾
|
¾
|
¾
|
fraction three-quarters
|
| ¹
|
¹
|
¹
|
superscript one
|
| ²
|
²
|
²
|
superscript two
|
| ³
|
³
|
³
|
superscript three
|
| °
|
°
|
°
|
degree sign
|
| ·
|
·
|
·
|
middle dot
|
| ƒ
|
ƒ
|
ƒ
|
latin small f with hook = function = florin
|
| ′
|
′
|
′
|
prime = minutes = feet
|
| ″
|
″
|
″
|
double prime = seconds = inches
|
| ‾
|
‾
|
‾
|
overline = spacing overscore
|
| ⁄
|
⁄
|
⁄
|
fraction slash
|
| ℵ
|
ℵ
|
ℵ
|
Hebrew alef
|
| ∂
|
∂
|
∂
|
partial differential
|
| ∑
|
∑
|
∑
|
n-ary sumation
|
| ∇
|
∇
|
∇
|
nabla = backward difference
|
| √
|
√
|
√
|
square root = radical sign
|
| ∝
|
∝
|
∝
|
proportional to
|
| ∞
|
∞
|
∞
|
infinity
|
| ∠
|
∠
|
∠
|
angle
|
| ∫
|
∫
|
∫
|
integral
|
| ≅
|
≅
|
≅
|
approximately equal to
|
| ≈
|
≈
|
≈
|
almost equal to = asymptotic to
|
| ⊕
|
⊕
|
⊕
|
circled plus = direct sum
|
| ⊗
|
⊗
|
⊗
|
circled times = vector product
|
| ‰
|
‰
|
‰
|
per mille sign
|
| ℜ
|
ℜ
|
ℜ
|
set of real numbers
|
| ℘
|
℘
|
℘
|
power set
|
| ℑ
|
ℑ
|
ℑ
|
fraktur I, imaginary, interpretation
|
| ≺
|
|
≺
|
precedes
|
| ≻
|
|
≻
|
succeeds
|
| ≼
|
|
≼
|
precedes or equal to
|
| ≽
|
|
≽
|
succeeds or equal to
|
| ⋠
|
|
⋠
|
not precedes or equal to
|
| ⊲
|
|
⊲
|
is contained in as subgroup
|
| ⊳
|
|
⊳
|
contains as subgroup
|
| ⊴
|
|
⊴
|
is contained in or equal to
|
| ℏ
|
|
ℏ
|
Dirac constant
|
| ℕ
|
ℕ
|
ℕ
|
set of natural numbers
|
| ℚ
|
ℚ
|
ℚ
|
set of rational numbers
|
| ℤ
|
ℤ
|
ℤ
|
set of integers
|
1.4 Miscellaneous Technical Symbols ↑
| ↑
|
↑
|
↑
|
upwards arrow
|
| ↓
|
↓
|
↓
|
downwards arrow
|
2 Alphabetic Characters ↑
2.1 Latin Characters ↑
| À
|
À
|
À
|
capital A, grave accent
|
| Á
|
Á
|
Á
|
capital A, acute accent
|
| Â
|
Â
|
Â
|
capital A, circumflex accent
|
| Ã
|
Ã
|
Ã
|
capital A, tilde
|
| Ä
|
Ä
|
Ä
|
capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| Å
|
Å
|
Å
|
capital A, ring
|
| Æ
|
Æ
|
Æ
|
capital AE diphthong (ligature)
|
| Ç
|
Ç
|
Ç
|
capital C, cedilla
|
| È
|
È
|
È
|
capital E, grave accent
|
| É
|
É
|
É
|
capital E, acute accent
|
| Ê
|
Ê
|
Ê
|
capital E, circumflex accent
|
| Ë
|
Ë
|
Ë
|
capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| Ì
|
Ì
|
Ì
|
capital I, grave accent
|
| Í
|
Í
|
Í
|
capital I, acute accent
|
| Î
|
Î
|
Î
|
capital I, circumflex accent
|
| Ï
|
Ï
|
Ï
|
capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| Ð
|
Ð
|
Ð
|
capital Eth, Icelandic
|
| Ñ
|
Ñ
|
Ñ
|
capital N, tilde
|
| Ò
|
Ò
|
Ò
|
capital O, grave accent
|
| Ó
|
Ó
|
Ó
|
capital O, acute accent
|
| Ô
|
Ô
|
Ô
|
capital O, circumflex accent
|
| Õ
|
Õ
|
Õ
|
capital O, tilde
|
| Ö
|
Ö
|
Ö
|
capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| Ø
|
Ø
|
Ø
|
capital O, slash
|
| Ù
|
Ù
|
Ù
|
capital U, grave accent
|
| Ú
|
Ú
|
Ú
|
capital U, acute accent
|
| Û
|
Û
|
Û
|
capital U, circumflex accent
|
| Ü
|
Ü
|
Ü
|
capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| Ý
|
Ý
|
Ý
|
capital Y, acute accent
|
| Þ
|
Þ
|
Þ
|
capital THORN, Icelandic
|
| ß
|
ß
|
ß
|
small sharp s, German (sz ligature)
|
| à
|
à
|
à
|
small a, grave accent
|
| á
|
á
|
á
|
small a, acute accent
|
| â
|
â
|
â
|
small a, circumflex accent
|
| ã
|
ã
|
ã
|
small a, tilde
|
| ä
|
ä
|
ä
|
small a, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| å
|
å
|
å
|
small a, ring
|
| æ
|
æ
|
æ
|
small ae diphthong (ligature)
|
| ç
|
ç
|
ç
|
small c, cedilla
|
| è
|
è
|
è
|
small e, grave accent
|
| é
|
é
|
é
|
small e, acute accent
|
| ê
|
ê
|
ê
|
small e, circumflex accent
|
| ë
|
ë
|
ë
|
small e, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| ì
|
ì
|
ì
|
small i, grave accent
|
| í
|
í
|
í
|
small i, acute accent
|
| î
|
î
|
î
|
small i, circumflex accent
|
| ï
|
ï
|
ï
|
small i, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| ð
|
ð
|
ð
|
small eth, Icelandic
|
| ñ
|
ñ
|
ñ
|
small n, tilde
|
| ò
|
ò
|
ò
|
small o, grave accent
|
| ó
|
ó
|
ó
|
small o, acute accent
|
| ô
|
ô
|
ô
|
small o, circumflex accent
|
| õ
|
õ
|
õ
|
small o, tilde
|
| ö
|
ö
|
ö
|
small o, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| ø
|
ø
|
ø
|
small o, slash
|
| ù
|
ù
|
ù
|
small u, grave accent
|
| ú
|
ú
|
ú
|
small u, acute accent
|
| û
|
û
|
û
|
small u, circumflex accent
|
| ü
|
ü
|
ü
|
small u, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| ý
|
ý
|
ý
|
small y, acute accent
|
| þ
|
þ
|
þ
|
small thorn, Icelandic
|
| ÿ
|
ÿ
|
ÿ
|
small y, dieresis or umlaut mark
|
| Œ
|
Œ
|
Œ
|
latin capital ligature oe
|
| œ
|
œ
|
œ
|
latin small ligature oe
|
| Š
|
Š
|
Š
|
latin capital lr s with caron
|
| š
|
š
|
š
|
latin small r s with caron
|
| Ÿ
|
Ÿ
|
Ÿ
|
latin capital letter y with diaeresis
|
2.2 Greek Characters ↑
| Α
|
Α
|
Α
|
greek capital letter alpha
|
| Β
|
Β
|
Β
|
greek capital letter beta
|
| Γ
|
Γ
|
Γ
|
greek capital letter gamma
|
| Δ
|
Δ
|
Δ
|
greek capital letter delta
|
| Ε
|
Ε
|
Ε
|
greek capital letter epsilon
|
| Ζ
|
Ζ
|
Ζ
|
greek capital letter zeta
|
| Η
|
Η
|
Η
|
greek capital letter eta
|
| Θ
|
Θ
|
Θ
|
greek capital letter theta
|
| Ι
|
Ι
|
Ι
|
greek capital letter iota
|
| Κ
|
Κ
|
Κ
|
greek capital letter kappa
|
| Λ
|
Λ
|
Λ
|
greek capital letter lambda
|
| Μ
|
Μ
|
Μ
|
greek capital letter mu
|
| Ν
|
Ν
|
Ν
|
greek capital letter nu
|
| Ξ
|
Ξ
|
Ξ
|
greek capital letter xi
|
| Ο
|
Ο
|
Ο
|
greek capital letter omicron
|
| Π
|
Π
|
Π
|
greek capital letter pi
|
| Ρ
|
Ρ
|
Ρ
|
greek capital letter rho
|
| Σ
|
Σ
|
Σ
|
greek capital letter sigma
|
| Τ
|
Τ
|
Τ
|
greek capital letter tau
|
| Υ
|
Υ
|
Υ
|
greek capital letter upsilon
|
| Φ
|
Φ
|
Φ
|
greek capital letter phi
|
| Χ
|
Χ
|
Χ
|
greek capital letter chi
|
| Ψ
|
Ψ
|
Ψ
|
greek capital letter psi
|
| Ω
|
Ω
|
Ω
|
greek capital letter omega
|
| α
|
α
|
α
|
greek small letter alpha
|
| β
|
β
|
β
|
greek small letter beta
|
| γ
|
γ
|
γ
|
greek small letter gamma
|
| δ
|
δ
|
δ
|
greek small letter delta
|
| ε
|
ε
|
ε
|
greek small letter epsilon
|
| ζ
|
ζ
|
ζ
|
greek small letter zeta
|
| η
|
η
|
η
|
greek small letter eta
|
| θ
|
θ
|
θ
|
greek small letter theta
|
| ι
|
ι
|
ι
|
greek small letter iota
|
| κ
|
κ
|
κ
|
greek small letter kappa
|
| λ
|
λ
|
λ
|
greek small letter lambda
|
| μ
|
μ
|
μ
|
greek small letter mu
|
| ν
|
ν
|
ν
|
greek small letter nu
|
| ξ
|
ξ
|
ξ
|
greek small letter xi
|
| ο
|
ο
|
ο
|
greek small letter omicron
|
| π
|
π
|
π
|
greek small letter pi
|
| ρ
|
ρ
|
ρ
|
greek small letter rho
|
| ς
|
ς
|
ς
|
greek small letter final sigma
|
| σ
|
σ
|
σ
|
greek small letter sigma
|
| τ
|
τ
|
τ
|
greek small letter tau
|
| υ
|
υ
|
υ
|
greek small letter upsilon
|
| φ
|
φ
|
φ
|
greek small letter phi
|
| χ
|
χ
|
χ
|
greek small letter chi
|
| ψ
|
ψ
|
ψ
|
greek small letter psi
|
| ω
|
ω
|
ω
|
greek small letter omega
|
2.3 Polish, Czech, Slovene, etc., Characters ↑
| Ą
|
Ą
|
Ą
|
upper case A ogonek
|
| ą
|
ą
|
ą
|
lower case a ogonek
|
| Ć
|
Ć
|
Ć
|
upper case C acute
|
| ć
|
ć
|
ć
|
lower case c acute
|
| Č
|
Č
|
Č
|
upper case C caron
|
| č
|
č
|
č
|
lower case c caron
|
| Ę
|
Ę
|
Ę
|
upper case E ogonek
|
| ę
|
ę
|
ę
|
lower case e ogonek
|
| ě
|
ě
|
ě
|
lower case e caron
|
| Ł
|
Ł
|
Ł
|
upper case L slash
|
| ł
|
ł
|
ł
|
lower case l slash
|
| Ń
|
Ń
|
Ń
|
upper case N acute
|
| ń
|
ń
|
ń
|
lower case n acute
|
| Ř
|
Ř
|
Ř
|
upper case R caron
|
| ř
|
ř
|
ř
|
lower case r caron
|
| Š
|
Š
|
Š
|
upper case S caron
|
| š
|
š
|
š
|
lower case s caron
|
| Ś
|
Ś
|
Ś
|
upper case S acute
|
| ś
|
ś
|
ś
|
lower case s acute
|
| Ź
|
Ź
|
Ź
|
upper case Z acute
|
| ź
|
ź
|
ź
|
lower case z acute
|
| Ż
|
Ż
|
Ż
|
upper case Z dot
|
| ż
|
ż
|
ż
|
lower case z dot
|
| Ž
|
Ž
|
Ž
|
upper case Z caron
|
| ž
|
ž
|
ž
|
lower case z caron
|
2.4 Special Diacritics ↑
| Ā
|
Ā
|
Ā
|
upper case A macron
|
| ā
|
ā
|
ā
|
lower case a macron
|
| ḍ
|
ḍ
|
ḍ
|
lower case d with dot below
|
| ē
|
ē
|
&275;
|
e with macron
|
| ğ
|
ğ
|
ğ
|
lower case g with breve
|
| Ḥ
|
Ḥ
|
Ḥ
|
upper case H with dot below
|
| ḥ
|
ḥ
|
ḥ
|
lower case h with dot below
|
| Ī
|
Ī
|
Ī
|
upper case I macron
|
| ī
|
ī
|
ī
|
lower case i macron
|
| ṃ
|
ṃ
|
ṃ
|
lower case m with dot below
|
| Ṁ
|
Ṁ
|
Ṁ
|
upper case M with dot above
|
| ṁ
|
ṁ
|
ṁ
|
lower case m with dot above
|
| ṇ
|
ṇ
|
ṇ
|
lower case n with dot below
|
| ṅ
|
ṅ
|
ṅ
|
lower case n with dot above
|
| ō
|
ō
|
ō
|
lower case o macron
|
| ṛ
|
ṛ
|
ṛ
|
lower case r with dot below
|
| Ś
|
Ś
|
Ś
|
upper case S acute
|
| ś
|
ś
|
ś
|
lower case s acute
|
| Ṣ
|
Ṣ
|
Ṣ
|
upper case S with dot below
|
| ṣ
|
ṣ
|
ṣ
|
lower case s with dot below
|
| ṭ
|
ṭ
|
ṭ
|
lower case t with dot below
|
| Ṭ
|
Ṭ
|
Ṭ
|
upper case T with dot below
|
| ū
|
ū
|
ū
|
lower case u macron
|
| Ṽ
|
Ṽ
|
Ṽ
|
upper case V tilde
|
| ẓ
|
ẓ
|
ẓ
|
upper case Z with dot below
|
See http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/bylanguage/ipavowels.html
3 Punctuation, Pure Diacritical Marks, and Special Characters ↑
3.1 General Punctuation ↑
| "
|
"
|
"
|
quotation mark = apl quote
|
| ‘
|
‘
|
‘
|
left single quotation mark
|
| ’
|
’
|
’
|
right single quotation mark
|
| “
|
“
|
“
|
left double quotation mark
|
| ”
|
”
|
”
|
right double quotation mark
|
| –
|
–
|
–
|
en dash
|
| —
|
—
|
—
|
em dash
|
| …
|
…
|
…
|
horizontal ellipsis = three dot leader
|
| •
|
•
|
•
|
bullet = black small circle
|
| §
|
§
|
§
|
section sign
|
| ¶
|
¶
|
¶
|
pilcrow (paragraph sign)
|
| «
|
«
|
«
|
angle quotation mark, left
|
| »
|
»
|
»
|
angle quotation mark, right
|
| ‹
|
‹
|
‹
|
single left-pointing angle quotation mark
|
| ›
|
›
|
›
|
single right-pointing angle quotation mark
|
| ⟨
|
⟨
|
⟨
|
left-pointing angle bracket
|
| ⟩
|
⟩
|
⟩
|
right-pointing angle bracket
|
| ¡
|
¡
|
¡
|
inverted exclamation mark
|
| ¿
|
¿
|
¿
|
inverted question mark
|
| ‚
|
‚
|
‚
|
single low-9 quotation mark
|
| „
|
„
|
„
|
double low-9 quotation mark
|
| †
|
†
|
†
|
dagger
|
| ‡
|
‡
|
‡
|
double dagger
|
|
|
 
|
 
|
en space
|
|
|
 
|
 
|
em space
|
|
|
 
|
 
|
thin space
|
|
|
|
 
|
no-break space
|
| ⌈
|
⌈
|
⌈
|
left ceiling
|
| ⌉
|
⌉
|
⌉
|
right ceiling
|
| ⌊
|
⌊
|
⌊
|
left floor
|
| ⌋
|
⌋
|
⌋
|
right floor
|
| ⟦
|
⟦
|
⟦
|
left square double bracket
|
| ⟧
|
⟧
|
⟧
|
right square double bracket
|
3.2 Diacritical Marks ↑
| ´
|
´
|
´
|
acute accent
|
| ¨
|
¨
|
¨
|
umlaut (dieresis)
|
| ¯
|
¯
|
¯
|
macron
|
| ¸
|
¸
|
¸
|
cedilla
|
| ˆ
|
ˆ
|
ˆ
|
modifier letter circumflex accent
|
| ˜
|
˜
|
˜
|
small tilde
|
3.3 General Purpose Symbols ↑
| ª
|
ª
|
ª
|
ordinal indicator, feminine
|
| º
|
º
|
º
|
ordinal indicator, masculine
|
| ¦
|
¦
|
¦
|
broken (vertical) bar
|
| ©
|
©
|
©
|
copyright sign
|
| ®
|
®
|
®
|
registered sign
|
| ™
|
™
|
™
|
trade mark sign
|
| µ
|
µ
|
µ
|
micro sign
|
3.4 Currency/Cards ↑
| ¢
|
¢
|
¢
|
cent sign
|
| £
|
£
|
£
|
pound sterling sign
|
| ¤
|
¤
|
¤
|
general currency sign
|
| ¥
|
¥
|
&#y165;
|
yen sign
|
| €
|
€
|
€
|
euro sign
|
| ♠
|
♠
|
♠
|
black spade suit
|
| ♣
|
♣
|
♣
|
black club suit = shamrock
|
| ♥
|
♥
|
♥
|
black heart suit = valentine
|
| ♦
|
♦
|
♦
|
black diamond suit
|